Optical connector, optical fiber with connector, optical fiber connecting device, and optical fiber connection method

ABSTRACT

A plug-type optical connector is provided with a ferrule and an aligning sleeve member. The aligning sleeve member receives a portion of the ferrule including an abutting end face inside a bore to prevent staining and damage and uses a movable shutter to prevent light emitted through the ferrule from leaking to the outside. The socket type optical connector is provided with a ferrule and a holding section. The optical connector is not provided with an aligning sleeve member and further can hold a coated optical fiber by a holding section behind the ferrule by a radius of curvature of at least a prescribed minimum radius of curvature. Optical loss in the coated optical fiber can be reduced while effectively reducing the external dimensions in the direction of extension of the ferrule at the time of use. An optical fiber connecting device that includes a combination of a pair of optical connectors is also provided to be suitably applied to an optical transmission line laid indoors.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.10/897,741, now allowed, filed Jul. 23, 2004, which claims priority fromJapanese Application No. 2003-428071, filed Dec. 24, 2003, thedisclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to technology for connection of opticalfibers. More particularly, the present invention relates to an opticalconnector having a ferrule, an optical fiber having an optical connectorattached to an end, an optical fiber connecting device comprising acombination of a pair of optical connectors, and an optical fiberconnection method for interconnecting a pair of optical fibers in astate with end faces abutting against each other.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In technology for connection of optical fibers, there is known anoptical connector equipped with a ferrule securing supporting an opticalfiber from which the coating has been removed at a predeterminedposition of the connector body. A single-fiber ferrule generally is acylindrical member formed with a through hole for holding the fiberalong its center axis and provided with an abutting end face at one endin the axial direction of a centering part having a cylindrical outercircumference and a fiber holding channel opening at the abutting endface and securely holding the optical fiber in the centering part (forexample, see Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No.2000-235132). This type of optical connector forms a connector able tobe connected to and disconnected from an optical transmission line andcan be used attached to an end of an optical transmission-line member,such as an optical fiber cord or optical fiber cable, including a coatedoptical fiber. Note that in this specification, an “optical fiber cord”means a coated optical fiber wound around with a tension-bearing plasticfiber and formed over that with a plastic sheath which can be simplyused for connection between parts in an optical device or betweenoptical devices. Further, an “optical fiber cable” means a plurality ofcoated optical fibers bundled together and housed in a plastic sheathtogether with a wire-shaped tension-bearing member which is used forconnection between telephone exchange offices or between a terminaloffice and subscribers.

When using an optical connector with a ferrule to interconnect a pair ofcoated optical fibers, an aligning sleeve member is used for coaxiallypositioning and holding in alignment the ferrules of the opticalconnectors attached to the front ends of the two coated optical fibersin a state with the abutting end faces abutting against each other. Thealigning sleeve member is provided with a tubular elastic positioningelement called a “slotted sleeve”. This slotted sleeve contacts thecylindrical outer circumference of the centering part of the ferrule tobe connected and is elastically pushed wider so as to center and supportthe ferrule at a predetermined position under this elastic recoveryforce. Therefore, by inserting into one slotted sleeve of the aligningsleeve member the centering parts of a pair of ferrules holding opticalfibers in their fiber holding channels, these centering parts arealigned coaxially in the axial direction. Further, by making theabutting end faces of the two ferrules abut by for example a spring biasforce, the pair of coated optical fibers is connected in a state withthe end faces abutting against each other centered to a high accuracy.

As an optical fiber connecting device using optical connectors withferrules and an aligning sleeve member to connect coated optical fibers,there is known a configuration using a pair of optical connectorsdiffering in shapes of connector bodies, i.e., of the so-called plug(male) type and socket (female) type. In this configuration, the body ofthe socket type connector is usually provided with an engagement recessfor receiving the part around the ferrule of the body of the plug-typeconnector. Further, the aligning sleeve member is set secured ordetachably in the engagement recess of the socket-type connector body ina state receiving the ferrule of the socket-type connector in advance(for example, see Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No.10-111434).

In this way, optical fiber connecting devices employing opticalconnectors with ferrules are configured with the pair of ferrulesaligned in the axial direction inside the slotted sleeve of the aligningsleeve member, so the external dimensions of the devices in thedirection of extension of the ferrule tend to become relatively large.As a result, depending on the set locations of the optical fiberconnecting devices, sometimes it is necessary to lay the optical fibercords (or optical fiber cables) extending from the individual opticalconnectors bent large near the optical connectors. At that time, fromthe viewpoint of suppressing optical loss, an optical connector providedwith a guide for restricting the radius of curvature of the opticalfiber cord so that the coated optical fiber is not bent by a radiussmaller than the prescribed value of the minimum radius of curvature hasbeen proposed (for example, see Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication(Kokai) No. 2003-161863).

SUMMARY

According to an aspect of the present invention, a plug-type opticalconnector comprises a body and a ferrule provided in the body and havingan abutting end face. The optical connector comprises an aligning sleevemember provided with a cylindrical bore having openings at oppositeaxial ends, the aligning sleeve member receiving in a part of the bore acertain length of the ferrule adjoining the abutting end face and beingsupported at a predetermined position with respect to the ferrule. Thealigning sleeve member includes a counterpart connector engagementsection projecting in a plug shape outside the body.

According to another aspect, the aligning sleeve member includes amovable shutter provided to be passively displaceable in the bore. Themovable shutter is arranged at such a position that the shutter projectsinto the bore between the ferrule received from one of the openings ofthe bore and another opening, to block light emitted through theferrule.

According to another aspect, the aligning sleeve member is detachablyattached to the body.

According to another aspect, an optical fiber includes a connector andcomprises a plug-type optical connector as described above and anoptical fiber cable containing a coated optical fiber, the ferrule beingattached to a distal end of the coated optical fiber.

According to another aspect, an optical connector comprises a body and aferrule provided in the body and having an abutting end face. Theoptical connector comprises an aligning sleeve member provided with acylindrical bore having openings at opposite axial ends, the aligningsleeve member receiving in a part of the bore a certain length of theferrule adjoining the abutting end face and being supported at apredetermined position with respect to the ferrule. The aligning sleevemember includes a movable shutter provided to be passively displaceablein the bore. The movable shutter is arranged at such a position that theshutter projects into the bore between the ferrule received from one ofthe openings of the bore and another opening, to block light emittedthrough the ferrule.

According to another aspect, an optical connector comprises a body and aferrule provided in the body, the ferrule having an abutting end faceand a fiber holding channel opening in the abutting end face. Theoptical connector further comprises a holding section provided in thebody to be spaced from an end face of the ferrule, opposite to theabutting end face, by a predetermined distance. The ferrule isdisplaceable in a direction substantially parallel to the fiber holdingchannel on the body in such a state as to be attached to a distal end ofa coated optical fiber. The holding section is provided with a holdinggroove extending in a direction inclined with respect to a direction ofextension of the fiber holding channel of the ferrule and makes thecoated optical fiber bend between the ferrule and the holding groove bya radius of curvature of at least a predetermined minimum radius ofcurvature, regardless of a position of the ferrule on the body.

According to another aspect, the holding section includes a holdingmember provided in the body to be movable between a functional position,where the holding groove extends in the direction inclined with respectto the direction of extension of the fiber holding channel of theferrule, and a nonfunctional position, where the holding groove extendsin a direction substantially parallel to the direction of extension ofthe fiber holding channel.

According to another aspect, the holding section further includes anengaging member provided in the body separately from the holding member,the engaging member being engaged with an optical transmission linemember received in the holding groove to statically hold the opticaltransmission line member in the holding groove when the holding memberis placed at the functional position.

According to another aspect, an optical fiber with a connector comprisesthe optical connector as described above and an optical fiber cablecontaining a coated optical fiber, the ferrule being attached to adistal end of the coated optical fiber.

According to another aspect, an optical fiber connecting devicecomprises the plug-type optical connector described above and theoptical connector described above, being detachably combined with eachother.

According to another aspect, an optical connector comprises a body and aferrule provided in the body and having a center axis. The opticalconnector further comprises a holding member provided in the body to bespaced from the ferrule and including a holding groove for receiving anoptical transmission-line member. The holding member is movable betweena first position where the holding groove extends in a directioninclined with respect to the center axis of the ferrule and a secondposition where the holding groove extends in a direction substantiallyparallel to the center axis of the ferrule. The holding member makes acoated optical fiber of the optical transmission-line member bendbetween the ferrule and the holding groove by a radius of curvature ofat least a predetermined minimum radius of curvature. An engaging memberis provided in the body separately from the holding member. The engagingmember is engaged with the optical transmission-line member received inthe holding groove to statically hold the optical transmission-linemember in the holding groove when the holding member is placed at thefirst position.

According to another aspect, an optical fiber with a connector comprisesan optical connector with a ferrule and a coated optical fiber, theferrule being attached to a distal end of the coated optical fiber. Theferrule is provided with an abutting end face and a fiber holdingchannel opening in the abutting end face and accommodating an opticalfiber of the coated optical fiber. The coated optical fiber includes abeveled area formed adjoining an axial end face of the optical fiber andextending to be tapered toward the axial end face, and a free areaformed adjoining the beveled area and being not secured to the fiberholding channel over a range of a predetermined length from the abuttingend face in the fiber holding channel of the ferrule.

According to another aspect, an optical fiber with a connector comprisesan optical connector with a ferrule and a coated optical fiber, theferrule being attached to a distal end of the coated optical fiber. Theferrule is provided with an abutting end face and a fiber holdingchannel opening in the abutting end face and accommodating an opticalfiber of the coated optical fiber. The coated optical fiber is attachedto the ferrule in such a manner that an axial end face of the opticalfiber projects outward from the abutting end face of the ferrule. A freearea is provided that is not secured to the fiber holding channel over arange of a predetermined length from the abutting end face in the fiberholding channel of the ferrule.

According to another aspect, an optical fiber connection method forinterconnecting a pair of optical fibers in an end abutting statecomprises providing a pair of ferrules respectively including abuttingend faces and fiber holding channels opening at the abutting end facesfor accommodating optical fibers. The method further comprises forming abeveled area extending tapered toward an axial end face adjoining theaxial end face on at least one of the pair of optical fibers. The methodfurther includes respectively inserting the pair of optical fibersthrough the fiber holding channels of the pair of ferrules to making theaxial end face of at least one of the optical fibers project outwardfrom an abutting end face of a corresponding ferrule, and providing atleast one of the optical fibers with a free area not secured to thefiber holding channel over a range of a predetermined length from theabutting end face in the fiber holding channel of the correspondingferrule. The method further includes arranging the pair of ferrules ataligning positions where the fiber holding channels are straightlyaligned with each other, and making the axial end faces of the pair ofoptical fibers abut against each other under pressure.

In recent years, to meet with the demands for higher speed datacommunications utilizing the Internet, lead-in work has been performedto extend and lay optical fiber cables from public optical fibernetworks to individual homes. In such lead-in work, generally an opticalfiber cable is laid inside walls of a home using metal pipe and asocket-type optical connector attached to the end of the optical fibercable is arranged in a switchbox provided at a predetermined location inthe home. Further, the optical terminal used indoors and the opticalconnector in the switchbox are detachably connected using an opticalfiber cord equipped with a plug-type optical connector at its front end.Note that when the optical terminal is equipped with a socket-typeoptical connector, an optical fiber cord equipped with plug-type opticalconnectors at its two ends is used.

This connection technology in optical transmission lines laid indoorsdesirably satisfies various requirements from the perspectives ofon-site installation efficiency and safety. For example, the switchboxand other wiring devices are generally standardized in dimensions (JIS).With a conventional socket-type optical connector with a built-inaligning sleeve member, in particular due to the external dimensions inthe ferrule extension direction, sometimes it is difficult to hold theconnector with a margin of space in the switchbox to an extent able toavoid undesirable bending of the optical fiber cable. Therefore, it hasbeen demanded to reduce the external dimensions of a socket-type opticalconnector with a ferrule to an extent enabling the connector to be heldin a switchbox with a margin of space while suppressing optical loss inthe optical fiber cable.

Further, work for laying the cable to the inside of a wall is generallyperformed while selecting the optimum laying route on-site, so normallythe socket-type connector is attached to the end of the optical fibercable in the switchbox after finishing laying the optical fiber cable inthe wall. Therefore, a socket-type optical connector is required to havea superior installation efficiency enabling such on-site cableattachment work to be performed quickly and accurately. Further, asocket-type optical connector set in a switchbox desirably can preventin advance contact of the hand or deposition of dirt on the abutting endface of the ferrule and enable easy cleaning of the part around theferrule and simultaneously is required for safety reasons to preventlight emitted from the optical fiber through the ferrule from leakingout from the switchbox. On the other hand, a plug-type optical connectorcan be attached to an optical fiber cord in advance at the factorybefore shipment, but is more susceptible to contact by the hand ordeposition of dirt than a socket-type optical connector. Further, thereis a danger of light emitted from the ferrule unintentionally hittingthe eye, so there is a strong demand for the ferrule to have adirt-proofing function and light-blocking function.

Also, in an optical fiber connecting system using an optical connector,it is desirable that, when an external force, such as a tensile force,is applied to an optical fiber cable, a proper optical connection isable to be maintained against such external force. Particularly, in thesocket-type optical connector often securely arranged in a receptivemember such as a switch box, it has been required to surely prevent ajoint portion of the optical fiber cable and the optical connector frombeing damaged due to the external force such as a tensile force.

Further, to suppress connection loss in optical transmission lines, itis required to form the end faces of the optical fibers to be broughtinto abutment with each other as mirror surfaces extending accurately ina perpendicular direction with respect to the axis and to position theend faces of the optical fibers accurately at an order of 0.1 mm withrespect to the abutting end faces of the ferrules. However, in suchon-site optical connector attachment work, forming the end faces of theoptical fibers as such high accuracy perpendicular mirror surfaces orsuch high accuracy positioning is normally difficult. Therefore, thetechnology for connection of optical fibers suitably applied to opticaltransmission lines laid indoors desirably can suppress as much aspossible the connection loss without requiring the formation ofperpendicular mirror surface-like end faces at the optical fibers orhigh accuracy positioning of the end faces. Further, no technology forconnection of optical fibers satisfying all of the various requirementsas listed above has been realized in the past.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical connectorhaving a ferrule, in which it is possible to effectively reduce theoutside dimensions in the direction of extension of the ferrule andwhich has superior on-site installation efficiency and safety.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an opticalconnector having a ferrule, which has a superior dirt-proofing functionand light-blocking function.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an opticalconnector having a ferrule, which is able to maintain a proper opticalconnection against an external force, such as a tensile force, appliedto an optical transmission-line member.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an opticalfiber with a connector, including an optical connector attached at adistal end, which is able to effectively reduce the outside dimension inthe direction of extension of the ferrule of the optical connector, andwhich has superior on-site installation efficiency and safety inassociation with the optical connector.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an opticalfiber with a connector, including an optical connector attached at adistal end, which has a superior dirt-proofing function andlight-blocking function in association with the optical connector.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an opticalfiber connecting device comprised of a combination of a pair of opticalconnectors, which can be suitably used for an optical transmission linelaid indoors.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an opticalfiber connection method for interconnecting a pair of optical fibers inan end abutting state, which enables maximum suppression of connectionloss while connecting optical fibers with each other, even in the caseof connector attachment work at construction sites, without requiringthe formation of perpendicular mirror surface-like end faces at theoptical fibers or high accuracy positioning of the end faces.

According to the invention aspects set forth above, the plug-typeoptical connector is equipped with an aligning sleeve member receivingin its bore the part of the ferrule set in the body including theabutting end face, so it is possible to prevent in advance contact bythe hand or deposition of dirt on particularly the abutting end face ofthe ferrule. Further, by engaging the other connector engagement sectionof the aligning sleeve member with the connector to be connected with,it is possible to eliminate the aligning sleeve member from the otherconnector. This contributes to a reduction in the external dimensions ofthe other connector.

According to further invention aspects set forth above, while theoptical connector is not connected with the other optical connector inthe state attached to the coated optical fiber, light emitted throughthe ferrule leaking outward from the aligning sleeve member is reliablyprevented by the movable shutter. The movable shutter is set in the boreof the aligning sleeve member, so there is no danger of the movableshutter being unintentionally operated. Further, since the aligningsleeve member supported by the ferrule is provided with a movableshutter, regardless of the external shape of the optical connector, alight-blocking function can be easily imparted.

According to further invention aspects set forth above, by detaching thealigning sleeve member from the body, the area around the ferrule can beeasily cleaned.

According to further invention aspects set forth above, an optical fiberwith a connector having a superior dirt-proofing function andlight-blocking function at the optical connector is obtained. Thisoptical fiber with a connector can exhibit a high degree of safety andcontribute to the construction of an optical transmission line with ahigh stability and reliability.

According to further invention aspects set forth above, the aligningsleeve member prevents in advance contact by the hand or deposition ofdirt in particular at the abutting end face of the ferrule and themovable shutter reliably prevents light emitted through the ferruleleaking to the outside from the aligning sleeve member.

According to further invention aspects set forth above, no aligningsleeve member holding the ferrule is provided and further the coatedoptical fiber to be attached to can be held behind the ferrule bybending it by a radius of curvature of at least the predeterminedminimum radius of curvature, so it is possible to effectively reduce theexternal dimensions in the direction of extension of the ferrule at thetime of use while suppressing optical loss in the coated optical fiber.This bending of the coated optical fiber is based on the inclinationangle of the holding groove and the distance between the holding grooveand ferrule, so even when performing work for attaching the connector toan optical fiber cable at the work site for example, the opticalconnector can be attached to the coated optical fiber quickly andaccurately. Further, the coated optical fiber extending bent between theferrule and holding groove at the time of use can be bent slightly in arange not reaching a radius smaller than the prescribed minimum radiusof curvature when the ferrule is displaced to the axial direction whenconnecting the optical connector with the opposing optical connector, soa connection with little optical loss can be stably formed. Further, aconfiguration of the optical connector not provided with an aligningsleeve member is also effective in facilitating cleaning of the areaaround the ferrule.

According to further invention aspects set forth above, there is nounintentional concentration of twisting or tension or other stress atthe coated optical fiber along with movement of the holding member fromthe nonfunctional position to the functional position and the coatedoptical fiber can be bent to a predetermined radius of curvature, so theon-site connector attachment work becomes remarkably easier.

According to further invention aspects set forth above, the engagingmember provided in the body statically holds the optical cable includingthe coated optical fiber bent to a predetermined radius of curvature bythe holding member located at the functional position against anexternal force such as a tensile force, so as to maintain a properoptical connection.

According to further invention aspects set forth above, an optical fiberwith a connector having an effect of reduction of the externaldimensions of the optical connector and a superior on-site installationefficiency and safety is obtained. This optical fiber with a connectorcan be particularly suitably used as an optical fiber cable laid usingmetal pipe inside the wall of a home in lead-in work for extending andlaying an optical fiber cable from for example a public optical fibernetwork to individual homes. In this application, the optical connectorcan be held with a sufficient margin of space in a switchbox provided ata desired position indoors while suppressing the optical loss in theoptical fiber cable.

According to further invention aspects set forth above, an optical fiberconnecting device able to be particularly suitably applied to an opticaltransmission line laid indoors is obtained.

According to further invention aspects set forth above, in the opticalcable with the ferrule, the engaging member provided in the bodystatically holds the optical transmission-line member including thecoated optical fiber bent to a predetermined radius of curvature by theholding member located at the first position against an external forcesuch as a tensile force, so as to maintain a proper optical connection.

According to further invention aspects set forth above, even withoutforming the axial end face of the optical fiber as a perpendicularmirror surface, it is possible to reduce as much as possible the gapfrom the axial end face of the optical fiber to be connected to by therelief action of the beveled area to form an optical fiber connectionsuppressed in connection loss.

According to further invention aspects set forth above, even withoutpositioning the axial end face of the coated optical fiber with a highaccuracy with respect to the abutting end face of the ferrule, it ispossible to make the axial end face projecting out from the abutting endface into reliable abutment with the axial direction end face of thecoated optical fiber to be connected to so as to form an optical fiberconnection suppressed in connection loss.

According to further invention aspects set forth above, even whenperforming connector attachment work on a construction site, it ispossible to suppress as much as possible the connection loss whileconnecting the coated optical fibers without forming perpendicularmirror surface-like end faces at the coated optical fibers or requiringhigh accuracy position of the end faces.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an optical connector according to anembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a disassembled perspective view of an optical connector ofFIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an optical fiber with a connectoraccording to an embodiment of the present invention having the opticalconnector of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 shows vertical sectional views of an optical fiber with aconnector of FIG. 3, wherein (a) shows the state with an aligning sleevemember attached and (b) shows the state with the aligning sleeve memberdetached.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an optical connector according toanother embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional perspective view of the optical connectorof FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an optical fiber with a connectoraccording to another embodiment of the present invention having theoptical connector of FIG. 5.

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional perspective view of an optical fiber witha connector of FIG. 7.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an optical fiber connecting deviceaccording to an embodiment of the present invention provided with theoptical connector of FIG. 1 and FIG. 5.

FIG. 10 is a vertical sectional perspective view of the time of use ofthe optical fiber connecting device of FIG. 9.

FIG. 11 shows views of a ferrule attached to the optical connector ofFIG. 1, wherein (a) is a perspective view and (b) is a verticalsectional view.

FIG. 12 shows views of an aligning sleeve member attached to the opticalconnector of FIG. 1, wherein (a) is a perspective view and (b) is avertical sectional perspective view.

FIG. 13 shows (a) a perspective view of a slotted sleeve and movableshutter of the aligning sleeve member of FIG. 12 and (b) a verticalsectional perspective view of a sleeve holding section.

FIG. 14 shows (a) a view of an optical fiber cord of an optical fiberwith a connector of FIG. 3 and (b) a view of an optical fiber cable ofan optical fiber with a connector of FIG. 7.

FIG. 15 shows views of a fiber securing member and actuating memberattached to the optical connector of FIG. 5, wherein (a) is aperspective view and (b) is a front view.

FIG. 16 shows explanatory views of the operation of the holding sectionattached to the optical connector of FIG. 5, wherein (a) shows afunctional position and (b) shows a nonfunctional position.

FIG. 17 shows views of an adapter able to be used for the optical fiberconnecting device of FIG. 9, wherein (a) is a perspective view and (b)is a vertical sectional perspective view.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing the optical fiber connectingdevice of FIG. 9 in the state attached to a lower adapter member.

FIG. 19 is a vertical sectional perspective view showing the opticalfiber connecting device of FIG. 9 in the state attached to an adaptermember of FIG. 17.

FIG. 20 shows vertical sectional views showing a pair of optical fiberstogether with a ferrule to which the optical fiber connection methodaccording to the present invention is applied, wherein (a) show thestate before connection and (b) the state after connection.

FIG. 21 shows vertical sectional views showing pairs of optical fibersin a state after connection, wherein (a) shows the optical fibers ofFIG. 20 and (b) shows the optical fibers of a comparative example.

FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing the optical connector of FIG. 5,including a modified holding section, at a functional position.

FIG. 23 is a perspective view showing the optical connector of FIG. 22in a nonfunctional position.

FIG. 24 is an end view showing the optical connector of FIG. 22 from anarrow XXIV.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Below, embodiments of the present invention will be explained in detailwith reference to the attached drawings. Throughout the drawings,corresponding components are assigned common reference numerals.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are views showing a plug-type optical connector 10according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4are views showing an optical fiber 12 according to an embodiment of thepresent invention provided with an optical connector, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6are views of a socket-type optical connector 14 according to anotherembodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are views showingan optical fiber 16 according to another embodiment of the presentinvention provided with an optical connector 14, and FIG. 9 and FIG. 10are views of an optical fiber connecting device 18 according to anembodiment of the present invention provided with a plug-type opticalconnector 10 and a socket-type optical connector 14. The opticalconnector 10 and 14 and the optical fiber connecting device 18 canconnect the optical fibers of a pair of coated optical fibers from whichthe coatings have been removed in a state with the front end faces madeto abut against each other coaxially.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the plug-type optical connector 10according to an embodiment of the present invention is used attached toan end of an optical transmission line member including a coated opticalfiber and is comprised of a body 20, a ferrule 22 to be set secured at apredetermined position of the body 20, and an aligning sleeve member 24supported at a predetermined position with respect to the ferrule 22 onthe body 20. The body 20 is provided with a hollow cylindrical plughousing 26 securely supporting the ferrule 22 and a hollow cylindricalboot 28 securely coupled to the plug housing 26 adjoining it in theaxial direction. The plug housing 26 and boot 28 can be produced from asuitable plastic material.

The plug housing 26 of the body 20 is provided integrally with asubstantially cylindrical first part 30 open at one end in the axialdirection and a substantially cylindrical second part 32 open at theother end in the axial direction. The first part 30 defines a firstrecess 30 a by its cylindrical inner circumference, while the secondpart 32 defines a second recess 32 a by its cylindrical innercircumference. The first recess 30 a and the second recess 32 a haveformed between them integrally with the first and second parts 30 and 32a ring-shaped wall 34 having a center through hole communicating thetwo. The center through hole of the ring-shaped wall 34 includes a largediameter cylindrical insertion hole 34 a at the first recess 30 a side,a guide groove 34 b expanding frustoconically at the second recess 32 aside, and a small diameter cylindrical through hole 34 c communicatingthe insertion hole 34 a and guide groove 34 b. The first recess 30 a,second recess 32 a, insertion hole 34 a, guide groove 34 b, and throughhole 34 c are aligned coaxially with each other.

The first part 30 of the plug housing 26 is formed with a pair ofengagement holes 36 at facing positions in the diametrical directionnear the open end 30 b. The engagement holes 36 and open end 30 b areprovided between them with a guide face 36 a adjoining the innercircumference of the first part 30. The first part 30 of the plughousing 26 further has a crank-shaped latch lever 38 having a base end38 a formed integrally adjoining the open end 30, having a lengthreaching the second part 32 at the outside of the plug housing 26, andextending in a cantilever fashion. The latch lever 38 bends elasticallyabout the base end 38 a to be able to move back and forth on the firstpart 30 in a direction approaching and moving away from the plug housing26. The approximate center of the latch lever 38 in the longitudinaldirection is formed at its two side edges with a pair of engagementrecesses 38 b.

The boot 28 of the body 20 is integrally provided with a substantiallycylindrical first part 40 open at one end in the axial direction and asubstantially cylindrical second part 42 open at the other end in theaxial direction. The first part 40 defines a first recess 40 a by itscylindrical inner circumference, while the second part 42 defines asecond recess 42 a by its cylindrical inner circumference. The firstrecess 40 a and the second recess 42 a are communicated coaxiallythrough a slight step difference. The first part 40 of the boot 28securely holds the first recess 40 a and the second part 32 of the plughousing 26 by press-fitting or adhesion. The second part 42 of the boot28 has flexibility for being relatively easily bent by external forcewhile maintaining a state of communication of the second recess 42 awith the second recess 32 a of the second part 32 of the plug housing 26held in the first recess 40 a. The second part 42 of the boot 28 isprovided inside it with a flexible wire 44 for holding any bent shape.

The ferrule 22 of the optical connector 10, as shown alone in FIG. 11,is a cylindrical member formed with one through hole for holding a fiberalong its center axis 22 a. Overall, it functions as a single-fibercentering part having a cylindrical outer circumference 22 b. Theferrule 22 is provided with an abutting end face 46 at one end in theaxial direction extending flat substantially perpendicularly with thecenter axis 22 a and a fiber holding channel 48 opening at the center ofthe abutting end face and extending straight along the center axis 22 a.The abutting end face 46 is communicated with a cylindrical outercircumference 22 b through a tapered surface 22 c. The fiber holdingchannel 48 is expanded by a tapered guide face 48 a at the opposite sideto the abutting end face 46 and opens at a ring-shaped end face 22 d atthe other end in the axial direction.

The ferrule 22 is secured to the insertion hole 34 a of the ring-shapedwall 34 of the plug housing 26 at the part near the ring-shaped end face22 d by press-fitting or adhesion. In this state, the main length partof the ferrule 22 is arranged substantially coaxially with a clearancein the first recess 30 a of the first part 30 of the plug housing 26.Further, the abutting end face 46 of the ferrule 22 is positionedprojecting out slightly from the open end 30 b of the first part 30 ofthe plug housing 26. Note that the ferrule 22 can be made from ceramic,plastic, metal, etc.

The aligning sleeve member 24 of the optical connector 10, as shown inFIG. 12 and FIG. 13, is provided with a hollow cylindrical slottedsleeve 50, a hollow cylindrical sleeve holder 52 holding the slottedsleeve 50, and a movable shutter 54 supported by the sleeve holder 52and extending into the slotted sleeve 50. The slotted sleeve 50 of thealigning sleeve member 24 is comprised of a metal sheet or other elasticsheet member bent in a cylindrical shape, has a uniform innercircumference 50 b and outer circumference 50 c at the entire partdefining the center axis 50 a, and has a slit 56 extending across theentire length in the axial direction at one location in the peripheraldirection of the inner and outer circumferences 50 b and 50 c. Theslotted sleeve 50 can be uniformly expanded and contracted in insidediameter of the bore 58 defined by the inner circumference 50 b underits own elastic recovery force.

The sleeve holder 52 of the aligning sleeve member 24 is provided with asubstantially cylindrical first part open at one end in the axialdirection and a substantially cylindrical second part 62 open at theother end in the axial direction. The first part 60 defines a firstrecess 60 a by its cylindrical inner circumference, while the secondpart 62 defines a second recess 62 a by its cylindrical innercircumference. The first recess 60 a and second recess 62 a have thesame inside diameter and are communicated with each other without anystep difference. The first part 60 of the sleeve holder 52, as explainedlater, functions as an counterpart connector engagement sectionprojecting out in a plug shape at the outside of the body 20 andcomplementarily engaging with the socket-shaped engagement section ofthe counterpart connector at the time of connection of the opticalconnector 10 and its counterpart connector (for example, the opticalconnector 14).

The first part 60 of the sleeve holder 52 has a ring-shaped ridge 64having a tapered guide face 64 a adjoining its open end 60 b. Aring-shaped flange 66 is provided projecting outward in the diametricaldirection at a position away from the open end 60 b. Similarly, thesecond part 62 has a ring-shaped ridge 68 having a tapered guide face 68a adjoining its open end 62 b provided projecting inward in thediametrical direction. A ring-shaped flange 70 is provided projectingoutward in the diametrical direction at a position away from the openend 62 b. In the illustrated embodiment, the first part 60 and thesecond part 62 are made as separate members and are combined in apositional relationship where the ring-shaped flanges 66 and 70 are madeto adjoin each other.

The second part 62 of the sleeve holder 52 further has a pair ofengagement pieces 72 having integrally formed base ends 72 a at facingpositions in the diametrical direction on the ring-shaped flange 70 andextending in a cantilever fashion along the outer circumference of thesecond part 62. The engagement pieces 72 can elastically bend about thebase ends 72 a so as to move back and forth in directions approachingand moving away from the sleeve holder 52 on the second part 62. Theapproximate centers of the engagement pieces 72 in the longitudinaldirection are formed at their outside surfaces with engagementprojections 72 b. The sleeve holder 52 holds the slotted sleeve 50 inthe no-load state in the first and second recesses 60 a and 62 a of thefirst and second parts 60 and 62 with suitable clearance. At this timethe slotted sleeve 50 is held by the ring-shaped ridges 64 and 68 of thefirst and second parts 60 and 62 so as not to detach from the first andsecond recesses 60 a and 62 a. Note that the sleeve holder 52 can bemade from a suitable plastic material.

The movable shutter 54 of the aligning sleeve member 24 is comprised ofa metal sheet or other elastic sheet member bent into an approximateJ-shape and has a support part 54 a extending straight and an arm part54 b extending bent somewhat shorter than the support part 54 a. Themovable shutter 54 has an attachment piece 54 c formed at an end of thesupport part 54 a and securely gripped between the first part 60 andsecond part 62 of the sleeve holder 52. It is supported in a cantileverfashion at the sleeve holder 52 in the state with the support part 54 aextended in the axial direction along the inner circumference of thefirst part 60. In this state, the arm part 54 b of the movable shutter54 passes through the slit 56 of the slotted sleeve 50 to extend intothe bore 58. The end 54 d is arranged at a position superposed over thecenter axis 50 a of the slotted sleeve 50. The arm part 54 b of themovable shutter 54 can elastically bend about the location connectedwith the support part 54 a to move back and forth in directionsapproaching and moving away from the slit 56 of the slotted sleeve 50.That is, the arm part 54 b of the movable shutter 54 is set passivelydisplaceable at the bore 58 of the slotted sleeve 50.

The aligning sleeve member 24 is detachably attached to the body 20 bythe second part 62 of the sleeve holder 52 being held in the first part30 of the plug housing 26 of the body 20. At this time, as the secondpart 62 of the sleeve holder 52 is inserted into the first recess 30 aof the first part 30 of the plug housing 26, the pair of engagementpieces 72 of the sleeve holder 52 are pressed by the corresponding guidewalls 36 a of the first part 30 and bent inward in the diametricaldirection. Finally, the engagement projections 72 b of the engagementpieces 72 are snapped into the corresponding engagement holes 36 of thefirst part 30. Along with this, the main length part of the ferrule 22secured to the plug housing 26 passes through the open end 62 b of thesecond part 62 of the sleeve holder 52 and is inserted into the bore 58of the slotted sleeve 50. As a result, the aligning sleeve member 24 isarranged at a suitable position on the plug housing 26 of the body 20.

In the state with the aligning sleeve member 24 arranged at a suitableposition with respect to the body 20, part of the bore 58 of the slottedsleeve 50 of a length substantially corresponding to the second recess62 a of the sleeve holder 52 holds any length of the ferrule 22adjoining the abutting end face 46. In this state, the slotted sleeve 50contacts the cylindrical outer circumference 22 b of the ferrule 22 andis elastically pushed open slightly. The ferrule 22 is centered andsupported at a predetermined position by its elastic recovery force.That is, in this state, the center axis 22 a of the ferrule 22 isarranged securely precisely matched with the center axis 50 a of theslotted sleeve 50 and the slotted sleeve 50 is supported at apredetermined centering position with respect to the ferrule 22.

Further, in this suitable attachment position, the movable shutter 54 ofthe aligning sleeve member 24 is arranged with the end 54 d of the armpart 54 b moved away from the abutting end face 46 of the ferrule 22 andsuperposed on the center axis 22 a in the front in the axial directionof the opening of the fiber holding channel 48. Therefore, the movableshutter 54 can block light emitted through the ferrule 22 from reachingthe position of the open end 60 b by the arm part 54 b projecting outinto the bore 58 of the slotted sleeve 50 between the abutting end face46 of the ferrule 22 and the open end 60 b of the first part 60 of thesleeve holder 52.

When detaching the aligning sleeve member 24 from the body 20, theengagement projections 72 b of the two engagement pieces 72 of thesleeve holder 52 are forcibly pushed into the engagement holes 36 fromthe outside of the first part 30 of the plug housing 26 to disengage thesnap engagement between the engagement projections 72 b and theengagement holes 36. In this state, by pulling out the aligning sleevemember 24 from the plug housing 26, the slotted sleeve 50 detaches fromthe ferrule 22 and the aligning sleeve member 24 is detached from thebody 20. Note that the snap engagement of the engagement projection 72 band engagement hole 36 for securely setting the aligning sleeve member24 on the body 20 is advantageous in that it can be disengaged manuallywithout using a special tool, but it is desirable that the aligningsleeve member 24 have enough of a reliability not to unintentionallydetach from the body 20 at the time of connection/disconnection of theoptical connector 10 and counterpart connector (for example, the opticalconnector 14).

The above plug-type optical connector 10 can be attached to an end of anoptical fiber cord 82 including a coated optical fiber 80 in a statewith the aligning sleeve member 24 attached to the body 20 so as to forman optical fiber 12 with a connector (FIG. 3 and FIG. 4). Here, theoptical fiber cord 82 is end-treated in advance, as shown in FIG. 14(a), by removing the plastic sheath 84 and tension-bearing member (notshown) from a desired length of the end to expose the coated opticalfiber 80, by removing the coating 86 from a desired length of the frontend of the coated optical fiber 80 to expose the optical fiber 88, andcutting the exposed optical fiber 88 by a special cutting tool into atleast a length substantially corresponding to the fiber holding channel48 of the ferrule 22.

The thus end-treated optical fiber cord 82 is inserted into the boot 28of the body 20 of the optical connector 10, whereby the optical fiber 88exposed at the end passes through the guide groove 34 b and through hole34 c of the ring-shaped wall 34 of the plug housing 26 and is passedfrom the guide face 48 a of the ferrule 22 set securely in the firstrecess 30 a into the fiber holding channel 48. Further, at the point oftime when the axial end face 88 a of the optical fiber 88 reaches apredetermined position adjoining the abutting end face 46 of the ferrule22, for example, at least one of the optical fiber 88 and the coating 86of the coated optical fiber 80 is secured by an adhesive to at least oneof the ferrule 22 and plug housing 26 (through hole 34 c), and thesheath 84 of the optical fiber cord 82 is secured by an adhesive to thesecond recess 32 a of the plug housing 26. In this way, the end of theoptical fiber cord 82 is fit with an optical connector 10, whereby theoptical fiber 12 with a connector is completed.

The optical connector 10 having the above configuration is equipped withan aligning sleeve member 24 holding in the bore 58 a part of theferrule 22 set in the body 20 including the abutting end face 48, so itis possible to prevent in advance contact by the hand and deposition ofdirt on the abutting end face 48 of the ferrule 22. The aligning sleevemember 24 can be attached to and detached from the body 20, so when notcleaning the area surrounding the ferrule 22, cleaning is easy bydetaching the aligning sleeve member 24 from the body 20. Note thatthese actions and effects are exhibited even when the movable shutter 54is not provided.

Further, according to the optical connector 10, the aligning sleevemember 24 includes the movable shutter 54, so while the opticalconnector 10 is not connected with the other optical connector in thestate attached to the coated optical fiber 80, light emitted from theoptical fiber 88 through the ferrule leaking outward from the open end30 b of the plug housing 26 is reliably prevented by the movable shutter54. The movable shutter 54 is set in the bore 58 of the aligning sleevemember 24, so there is no danger of unintentional operation of themovable shutter 54. Further, since the aligning sleeve member 24supported at the ferrule 22 is provided with the movable shutter 54, itis possible to easily impart a light-blocking function regardless of theexternal shape of the optical connector. In this way, the opticalconnector 10 has a superior dirt-proofing function and light-blockingfunction.

Further, the optical fiber 12 with a connector having the aboveconfiguration has a superior dirt-proofing function and light-blockingfunction in the optical connector 10. Therefore, the optical fiber 12with a connector can exhibit a high degree of safety and contribute tothe construction of an optical transmission line with a high safety andreliability for even users poor in knowledge and skill such as generalhomes. Note that the optical connector 10 can be provided with aplurality of ferrules 22 and a plurality of aligning sleeve members 24corresponding to the ferrules 22 so as to construct a multi-fiberoptical connector.

As shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 8, the socket-type optical connector 14according to another embodiment of the present invention is usedattached to an end of an optical transmission line member including acoated optical fiber and is comprised of a body 90, a ferrule 92 set ata predetermined position of the body 90, and a holding section 94 forsecurely holding the optical transmission line member having a coatedoptical fiber attached to the ferrule 92. The body 90 is provided with acylindrical socket block 96 for securely supporting the ferrule 92 and ahollow cylindrical socket housing 98 for supporting the socket block 96displaceably in the axial direction. The socket block 96 and sockethousing 98 can be made from a suitable plastic material.

The socket block 96 of the body 90 is integrally provided with asubstantially cylindrical first part 100 open at one end in the axialdirection and a cylindrical second part 102 open at the side at theother end in the axial direction. The first part 100 defines a firstrecess 100 a by its cylindrical inner circumference, while the secondpart 102 defines a second recess 102 a by the inner circumference ofthat substantially block shape. The first recess 100 a and the secondrecess 102 a have between them a ring-shaped wall 104 having a centerthrough hole passing through the two formed integrally with the firstand second parts 100 and 102. The center through hole of the ring-shapedwall 104 includes a large diameter cylindrical insertion hole 104 a atthe first recess 100 a side and a small diameter cylindrical throughhole 104 at the second recess 102 a side. The second part 102 is furtherprovided with a rear end wall 106 having a center through holecommunicating with the second recess 102 a and set at the other end inthe axial direction of the socket block 96. The center through hole ofthe rear end wall 106 includes a small diameter cylindrical through hole106 a at the second recess 102 a side and a guide groove 106 b expandingfrustoconically toward the outer surface. The first recess 100 a, theinsertion hole 104 a, the through hole 104 b, the through hole 106 a,and the guide groove 106 b are aligned coaxially with each other.

The first part 100 of the socket block 96 is formed with a ring-shapedflange 108 projecting outward in the diametrical direction adjoining theopen end 100 b. Further, a predetermined position of the ring-shapedflange 108 is formed with a catch 108 a and a twist-stop 108 bprojecting out locally outward in the diametrical direction. The secondpart 102 of the socket block 96 holds an open/closable fiber securingmember 110 securely gripping the optical fiber stripped of its coatingand an actuating member 112 operating to make the fiber securing member100 open and close suitably combined in the second recess 102 a.

As shown in FIG. 15, the fiber securing member 110 has a mode in whichit folds into two along its center axis a sheet member formed into apredetermined shape from aluminum or another ductile material. Thefolded fiber securing member 110 is provided with a pair of flaps 114arranged facing each other across a butterfly edge 110 a along the fold.The facing surfaces of these flaps 114 are formed with open/closeablegripping surfaces 114 a securely gripping the optical fiber. In theillustrated embodiment, corresponding positions of the gripping surfaces114 a of the two flaps 114 are formed with straight supporting grooves116 (for example, V-section grooves) for gripping the optical fiber at apredetermined positions parallel to the butterfly edge 110 a.

The pair of flaps 114 of the fiber securing member 110 are designed tomove back and forth, that is, open and close, about the butterfly edge110 a along with elastic deformation of the material at the area of thebutterfly edge 110 a. Normally, the fiber securing member 110 is placedin the open position where the two flaps 114 are moved away somewhatfrom the gripping surfaces 114 a (FIG. 15). From the open position, byapplying external force to the two flaps 114 in a direction bringingthem closer, the member displaces against the elastic recovery force ofthe butterfly edge 110 a to the closed position where the grippingsurfaces 114 a come into contact. When the fiber securing member 110 isin the open position, smooth insertion and removal of the optical fiberto and from the supporting groove 116 are allowed, while when the fibersecuring member 110 is in the closed position, the optical fiber heldbetween the pair of supporting grooves 116 is strongly securely grippedreceiving the pressure from the two gripping surfaces 114 a. Note thatthe fiber securing member 110 can be formed suitably adjusting the widthof the supporting grooves 116 so as to securely grip an optical fiberwith the coating between the two supporting grooves 116.

The actuating member 112 is a lid-shaped member made of an integrallymolded piece of for example a plastic material and is provided with apair of holding walls 120 defining a recess 118 of dimensions able tohold the two flaps 114 of the fiber securing member 110. These holdingwalls 120 face each other substantially in parallel across apredetermined space and have facing surfaces formed as stepped surfaceshaving primary pressing surfaces 120 a at the open (in figure, bottom)side of the recess 118 and secondary pressing surfaces 120 b at theinner side of the recess 118. Therefore, the recess 118 is formed with arelatively broad open side area defined by the two primary pressingsurfaces 120 a and a relatively narrow inner side area defined by thetwo secondary pressing surfaces 120 b.

The fiber securing member 110 is secured in the second recess 102 a ofthe second part 102 of the socket block 96 with the butterfly edge 110 afacing the inner side in a state enabling the above opening/closingoperation. If securing the fiber securing member 110 at a suitableposition of the second recess 102 a of the socket block 96, the twosupporting grooves 116 are arranged so as to be able to be alignedcoaxially with respect to the pair of through holes 104 b and 106 a ofthe socket block 96. The actuating member 112 is movably attached to thesecond recess 102 a so as to complementarily block the open area of thesecond part 102 of the socket block 96. At this time, the actuatingmember 112 holds the two flaps 114 of the fiber securing member 110 inthe recess 118. The two holding walls 120 support the two flaps 114 byholding them from the outside in stages by the pressing surfaces 120 aand 120 b. While moving from a provisional attachment position (FIG. 6and FIG. 8) to the final attachment position with respect to the socketblock 96, the actuating member 112 operates to displace the fibersecuring member 110 from the open position to the closed position byapplying pressure to the two flaps 114 of the fiber securing member 110from the two holding walls 120 in a direction bringing the grippingsurfaces 114 a into close contact.

The socket housing 98 of the body 90 is provided integrally with thecylindrical first part 122 open at one end in the axial direction andthe cylindrical second part 124 open at the other end in the axialdirection. The first part 122 defines a first recess 122 a by itscylindrical inner circumference, while the second part 124 defines asecond recess 124 a by its cylindrical inner circumference. The firstrecess 122 a and the second recess 124 a communicate with each othercoaxially through a step difference (shoulder 126). The socket housing98 holds in the first recess 122 a of the first part 122 the first part100 of the socket block 96 displaceably in the axial direction and holdsin the second recess 124 a of the second part 124 the second part 102 ofthe socket block 96 displaceably in the axial direction.

The first recess 122 a of the socket housing 98 further holds acompression helical spring 128 interposed between the shoulder 126 andring-shaped flange 108 of the socket block 96 in a compressible state byan arrangement surrounding the first part 100 of the socket block 96.The compression helical spring 128 elastically biases the socket block96 in a direction pushing it outward from the open end 122 b of thefirst part 122 of the socket housing 98 from an open end 122. Further,the first part 122 of the socket housing 98 is formed with a pluralityof recesses 130 complementarily holding a catch 108 a and twist-stop 108b provided at the ring-shaped housing 108 of the socket block 96 at apredetermined position near the open end 122 b. Due to this, the socketblock 96 can displace across a predetermined distance in only the axialdirection under the bias force of the compression helical spring 128.

The second part 124 of the socket housing 98 is formed with an operatingwindow 132 open to the side at a position corresponding to the actuatingmember 112 set at the second part 102 of the socket block 96. Theoperating window 132 allows insertion of a suitable tool for moving theactuating member 112 from the above-mentioned provisional attachmentposition to the final attachment position. The second part 124 of thesocket housing 98 further has a pair of latch levers 134 having baseends 134 a integrally formed at facing positions in the diametricaldirection on the outer surface at the boundary area with the first part122 and extending in a cantilever fashion along the outer surface of thesecond part 124. The latch levers 134 can elastically bend about thebase ends 134 a to move back and forth in directions approaching andmoving away from the socket housing 98 on the second part 124. Theapproximate centers in the longitudinal directions of the latch levers134 are formed with engagement projections 134 b at their outersurfaces.

The ferrule 92 of the optical connector 14 has substantially the sameconfiguration as the ferrule 22 of the optical connector 10. That is,the ferrule 92 is provided with an abutting end face 136 at one end inthe axial direction extending flat substantially perpendicular to thecenter axis 92 and a fiber holding channel 138 opening at the center ofthe abutting end face 136 and extending straight along the center axis.The abutting end face 136 is communicated with a cylindrical outercircumference 92 b through a tapered surface 92 c.

The ferrule 92 is secured at the insertion hole 104 a of the ring-shapedwall 104 of the socket block 96 at a part near the ring-shaped end face92 d at the opposite side to the abutting end face 136 by press-fittingor adhesion. In this state, the main length part of the ferrule 92 isarranged in the first recess 100 a of the first part 100 of the socketblock 96 substantially coaxially with a space. Further, the abutting endface 136 of the ferrule 92 is positioned projecting outward slightlyfrom the open end 100 b of the first part 100 of the socket block 96.

The ferrule 92 secured to the socket block 96 can displace across apredetermined distance in the axial direction with respect to the sockethousing 98 together with the socket block 96. At the front end positionwhere the socket block 96 leans to the open end 122 b side of the firstpart 122 of the socket housing 98 due to the bias force of thecompression helical spring 128, the abutting end face 136 of the ferrule92 is arranged projecting slightly outward from the open end 122 b ofthe socket housing 98. Further, at the rear end position where thesocket block 96 leans to the open end 124 b side of the second part 124of the socket housing 98 against the bias force of the compressionhelical spring 128, the abutting end face 136 of the ferrule 92 isarranged on an imaginary plane substantially the same as the open end122 b of the socket housing 98. Due to this configuration, whenconnecting the optical connector 14 with the other connector (forexample, optical connector 10), in the separately providing aligningsleeve member (for example, aligning sleeve member 24 of opticalconnector 10), it is possible to make the abutting end faces of theferrules of the two connectors abut against each other by the springbias force of the compression helical spring 128 and connect them in anend face abutting state with the pair of coated optical fibers centeredwith a high accuracy.

The holding section 94 of the optical connector 14 is provided with aholding member 140 arranged at a position adjoining the second part 124of the socket housing 98 of the body 90 and separated by exactly apredetermined distance from the open end 124 b (or ring-shaped end face92 d of the ferrule 92 secured to the socket block 96). The holdingmember 140 has a rotational axis 140 a extending in a directionsubstantially perpendicular to the center axis 92 a of the ferrule 92secured to the socket block 96 on a third part 142 extending integrallyto a side opposite the first part 122 from the second part 124 of thesocket housing 98 and is rotatably provided. Alternatively, the holdingmember 140 can be formed integrally (that is, securely) with the thirdpart 142 of the socket housing 98.

The holding member 140 is for example comprised of an integral moldedpiece of a plastic resin and is provided with a base plate part 144having a disk shape centered on the rotational axis 140 a and a U-shapedextension part 146 extending from the base plate part 144 outward in aradial shape. The base plate part 144 of the holding member 140 isprovided with a bulge 148 projecting in the rotational axis direction atthe substantially bow-shaped area not including the rotational axis 140a. The bulge 148 has at the surface at the rotational axis 140 a side acoated fiber guide face 148 a bent bulging outward in an arc shape by apredetermined radius of curvature slightly larger than the minimumradius of curvature prescribed for the coated optical fiber to which theoptical connector 14 is to be attached. Further, the base plate part 144has a plurality of projections projecting out locally on the outercircumference at predetermined center angle positions at the sideopposite to the bulge 148. Each projection 144 a is fit in an engagementgroove 150 a on a base seat 150 formed at a predetermined position ofthe third part 142 of the socket housing 98 along with the slightelastic deformation of the related group of components.

The extension part 146 of the holding member 140 is formed with aholding groove 152 able to hold the optical transmission line member ina state extended straight. The holding groove 152 is substantiallyconnected to the coated fiber guide face 148 a of the bulge 148 at itsbase end 152 a adjoining the base plate part 144 and extends in asubstantially tangential direction to the arc-shaped coated fiber guideface 148 a. Further, the holding groove 152 is formed at a desiredlocation at the inner surface of the extension part 146 with a pluralityof projections 152 b engaging by friction with the sheath of the opticaltransmission line member. When the holding member 140 is at theillustrated functional position, the holding groove 152 of the extensionpart 146 is arranged at a position further from both of the rotationalaxis 140 a and coated fiber guide face 148 a of the bulge 148 seen fromthe rear end wall 106 of the socket block 96 of the body 90 (or thering-shaped end face 92 d of the ferrule 92 secured to the socket block96) and is extended in a direction inclined by a predetermined anglewith respect to the center axis 92 a of the ferrule 92 (that is, thefiber holding channel 138) secured to the socket block 96 (see FIG. 16(a)). Further, at this functional position, the coated fiber guide face148 a of the bulge 148 of the base plate part 144 is arranged at aposition further from the rotational axis 140 a seen from the base seat150 of the third part 142 of the socket housing 98.

Since the holding groove 152 provided at the holding member 140 has theabove configuration, regardless of the position of the ferrule 92 on thesocket housing 98 of the body 90, it functions to make the coatedoptical fiber of the optical transmission line member bend by a radiusof curvature of at least a predetermined minimum radius of curvature.This bending of the coated optical fiber is based on the angle ofinclination of the holding groove 152 with respect to the center axis 92a of the ferrule 92 and the distance between the holding groove 152 andferrule 92. Further, the coated fiber guide face 148 a of the bulge 148is formed at a position in proximity to but usually not contacting thecoated optical fiber bent by the holding groove 152. The coated fiberguide face 148 a effectively prevents the bent coated optical fiber fromending up being bent by a radius of curvature of less than the minimumradius of curvature due to unintentional external force. Alternatively,the coated fiber guide face 148 a can assist the bending action bylightly contacting the bent coated optical fiber to an extent not givingrise to tension.

Note that at the illustrated functional position, the projection 144 aprovided at the base plate part 144 of the holding member 140 engageswith the engagement groove 150 a of the base seat 150 of the sockethousing 98 and obstructs unintentional rotation of the holding member140. Further, when integrally forming the holding member 140 at thethird part 142 of the socket housing 98, the base plate part 144 andextension part 146 are arranged securely in advance at the illustratedfunctional position.

The holding member 140 set rotatably at the body 90 can be arranged at anonfunctional position where the holding groove 152 of the extensionpart 146 is extended at a position further from both of the rotationalaxis 140 a and the coated fiber guide face 148 a of the bulge 148 asseen from the rear end wall 106 of the socket block 96 of the body 90 ina direction substantially parallel to the center axis 92 a (that is, thefiber holding channel 138) of the ferrule 92 secured to the socket block96 (or on the extension of the center axis 92 a) (see FIG. 16( b)). Atthis nonfunctional position, another projection 144 a provided at thebase plate part 144 of the holding member 140 engages with an engagementgroove 150 a of the seat 150 of the socket housing 98 and obstructsunintentional rotation of the holding member 140. As explained later,the holding member 140 is suitably rotated between the functionalposition and nonfunctional position when attaching the optical connector14 to the optical transmission line member.

The above-mentioned socket-type optical connector 14 can form an opticalfiber 16 with a connector by attaching it to an end of an optical fibercable 162 including a coated optical fiber 160 (FIG. 7 and FIG. 8).Here, this optical fiber cable 162 is end-treated in advance by, asshown in FIG. 14( b), removing the plastic sheath 164 andtension-bearing member (not shown) over a desired length of the end toexpose the coated optical fiber 160, removing the coating 166 over adesired length of the front end of the coated optical fiber 160 toexpose the optical fiber 168, and cutting the exposed optical fiber 168by a specialized cutting tool to at least a length substantiallycorresponding to the fiber holding channel 138 of the ferrule 92.

The thus end-treated optical fiber cable 162 is inserted into the socketblock 96 of the body 90 of the optical connector 14 from the rear endwall 106. At this time, the actuating member 112 set at the second part102 of the socket block 96 is placed at the above-mentioned provisionalattachment position, whereby the fiber securing member 110 is placed atthe open position. Further, the holding member 140 of the holdingsection 94 are placed at the above-mentioned nonfunctional position.

Therefore, the optical fiber 168 exposed at the front end of the opticalfiber cable 162 passes through the guide groove 106 b and through hole106 a of the rear end wall 106 of the socket block 96, passes betweenthe pair of support grooves 116 of the fiber securing member 110, passesthrough the through hole 104 b of the ring-shaped wall 104 of the socketblock 96, and is passed through the fiber holding channel 138 of theferrule 92 secured set in the first recess 100 a. Further, at the pointof time when the axial end face 168 a of the optical fiber 168 reaches apredetermined position adjoining the abutting end face 136 of theferrule 92, the actuating member 112 is pushed from the provisionalattachment position to the final attachment position to displace thefiber securing member 110 to the closed position and securely grip theoptical fiber 168 (or coated optical fiber 160) between the pair ofsupporting grooves 116.

After securing the optical fiber 168 to the socket block 96 in this way,the optical fiber cable 162 is inserted into the holding groove of theextension part 146 of the holding member 140 while making the pluralityof projections 152 b bite into the sheath 164. In this state, theoptical fiber cable 162 is held in a state with the optical fiber 168extended right in a range from the abutting end face 136 of the ferrule92 to the end of the holding groove 152 (FIG. 16( b)). Next, the holdingmember 140 is rotated from the nonfunctional position to the functionalposition to arrange the holding groove 152 at a position inclined by apredetermined angle with respect to the center axis 92 a of the ferrule92.

Along with the holding member 140 being turned from the nonfunctionalposition to the functional position, the coated optical fiber 160extending along the base plate part 144 of the holding member 140gradually approaches the coated fiber guide face 148 a of the bulge 148.Further, when the holding member 140 reaches the functional position,the coated optical fiber 160 approaches and bends at the coated fiberguide face 148 a of the bulge 148 as explained above in the range fromthe rear end wall 106 of the socket block 96 to the base end 152 a ofthe holding groove 152 (FIG. 16( a)). At this time, due to the presenceof the coated fiber guide face 148 a, the coated optical fiber 160bending by a radius smaller than the prescribed value of the minimumradius of curvature is reliably avoided. Further, since the opticalfiber cable 162 is held at the holding groove 152 at a position far fromthe coated fiber guide face 148 a seen from the rear end wall 106 of thesocket block 96, when the socket block 96 displaces in the axialdirection with respect to the socket housing 98 as explained above, thecoated optical fiber 160 is allowed to approach the coated fiber guideface and bend slightly in a range not reaching a radius smaller than theprescribed minimum radius of curvature. In this way, the opticalconnector 14 is attached to the end of the optical fiber cable 162,whereby an optical fiber 16 with a connector is completed.

The optical connector 14 having the above configuration is not providedwith an aligning sleeve member holding a ferrule 92 set in the body 90.Further, it is possible to hold the coated optical fiber 160 to beattached to bend by a radius of at least the prescribed value of theminimum radius of curvature behind the ferrule 92, so it is possible toeffectively reduce the external dimensions in the extension direction ofthe ferrule 92 at the time of use while suppressing optical loss in thecoated optical fiber 160. This bending of the coated optical fiber 160is based on the arrangement preset for the holding groove 152 providedat the holding section 94, so even when performing connector attachmentwork for an optical fiber cable 162 at a construction site, it ispossible to attach the optical connector 14 to the coated optical fiber160 quickly and accurately. If configuring the holding section 94 fromthe linked holding member 140, it is possible to bend the coated opticalfiber 160 by a predetermined radius of curvature without allowingtwisting or tension or other stress to unintentionally concentrate atthe coated optical fiber 160, so the on-site connector attachment workbecomes remarkably easy.

Further, according to the optical connector 14, at the time of use, thecoated optical fiber 160 extending bent along the coated fiber guideface 148 a between the socket block 96 and holding groove 152 can bendslightly in a range not more than a radius smaller than the prescribedminimum radius of curvature near the coated fiber guide face 148 a evenwhen the socket block 96 moves to the rear in the axial directionagainst the bias force of the compression helical spring 128 whenconnecting the optical connector 14 with the other connector (forexample, the optical connector 10). Therefore, it is possible to stablyform a connection with little connection loss. Further, theconfiguration of the optical connector 14 not provided with an aligningsleeve member also has the effect of facilitating cleaning of the areaaround the ferrule. Further, the ferrule 92 and the optical fiber 168are secured to each other by the actions of the fiber securing member110 and actuating member 112 provided at the socket block 96, so thereis no need for use of an adhesive and the on-site connector attachmentwork can be speeded up more. In this way, the optical connector 14 caneffectively reduce the external dimensions in the direction of extensionof the ferrule and further has a superior on-site installationefficiency and safety.

Further, the optical fiber 16 with a connector having the aboveconfiguration has the effect of reduction of the external dimensions ofthe optical connector 14 and superior on-site installation efficiencyand safety. Therefore, the optical fiber 16 with a connector can beparticularly suitably used as an optical fiber cable laid using metalpipe inside the walls of homes in lead-in work for extending and layingan optical fiber cable from a public optical fiber network to theindividual homes. In this application, the socket-type optical connector14 can be held with a sufficient margin of space in a switchbox providedat a predetermined position indoors while suppressing the optical lossinside the optical fiber cable 162. Note that the configuration of theholding section 94 provided at the optical connector 14 is not limitedto that of a socket-type optical connector such as in the illustratedembodiment. It can also be provided at a plug-type optical connectorsuch as an optical connector 10. Further, the optical connector 14 canbe provided with a plurality of ferrules 92 and a plurality of holdingsections 94 corresponding to the individual ferrules 92 so as to form amulti-fiber optical connector.

Note that, in the optical connector 14, when the holding member 140 ofthe holding section 94 is located at the nonfunctional position, thecoated optical fiber 160 of the optical fiber cable 162 fitted in theholding groove 152 of the extension part 146 of the holding member 140may be in a somewhat bending state in an exposed length extending up tothe rear end wall 106 of the socket block 96 of the body 90. When such abending state is allowed, it is possible to prevent the coated opticalfiber 160 from being subjected to an unexpected tensile force during therotation of the holding member 140 from the nonfunctional position tothe functional position. It is also possible to advantageously relievethe demand for accuracy in relation to the position of the rotationalaxis 140 a of the holding member 140 or the exposed length of the coatedoptical fiber 160 of the optical fiber cable 162. Further, if the coatedoptical fiber 160 is bending when the holding member 140 is in thenonfunctional position, the entire exposed length of the optical fiber168 is surely received within the socket block 96, so that it ispossible to effectively avoid a disadvantage due to the exposure of theoptical fiber 168 outside the body 90.

The above-mentioned plug-type optical connector 10 and the socket-typeoptical connector 14, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, are detachablycombined to form the optical fiber connecting device 18. In the opticalfiber connecting device 18, when connecting the optical connector 10attached to the end of the optical fiber cord 82 and the opticalconnector 14 attached to the end of the optical fiber cable 162, thefirst part 60 of the sleeve holder 52 of the aligning sleeve member 24attached to the body 20 of the optical connector 10 is inserted into thefirst recess 100 a of the socket block 96 of the optical connector 14.Here, the first part 60 of the aligning sleeve member 24 and the firstrecess 100 a of the socket block 96 are formed to have shapes anddimensions enabling complementary engagement without any rattling.

The aligning sleeve member 24 is inserted into the socket block 96.Along with this, the ferrule 92 of the optical connector 14 is insertedfrom the abutting end face 138 in the slotted sleeve 50 of the aligningsleeve member 24. Here, by forming the ferrules 22 and 92 of the twoconnectors 10 and 14 to the same dimensions and shapes, the ferrule 92is inserted into the bore 58 of the slotted sleeve 50 until any lengthpart adjoining the abutting end face 138 passes through the open end 60b of the first part 60 of the sleeve holder 52 and strikes the abuttingend face 46 of the ferrule 22 of the optical connector 10 (FIG. 10). Inthis state, the slotted sleeve 50 contacts the cylindrical outercircumference 92 b of the ferrule 92 at its inner circumference 50 b andis slightly elastically pushed wider and centers and supports theferrule 92 at a predetermined position by its elastic recovery force.Therefore, in this state, the center axis 92 a of the ferrule 92 issecurely arranged precisely aligned with the center axis 50 a of theslotted sleeve 50, that is, the center axis 22 a of the ferrule 22.Further, the abutting end faces 46 and 136 of the two ferrules 22 and 92come into contact and abut against each other under the bias force ofthe compression helical spring 128, whereby the pair of optical fibers88 and 168 secured to the two ferrules 22 and 92 are connected in astate with the end faces abutting centered with a high accuracy.

If the ferrule 92 of the optical connector 14 is inserted into the bore58 of the slotted sleeve 50 of the aligning sleeve member 24, the armpart 54 b of the movable shutter 54 arranged passively displaceably inthe bore 58 of the slotted sleeve 50 in advance strikes the ferrule 92at its end 54 d and elastically bends to be passively pulled into theslot 56 of the slotted sleeve 50 (FIG. 10). Therefore, the movableshutter 54 does not interfere with the end face abutment and connectionof the optical fibers 88 and 168 due to the abutting of the ferrules 22and 92. Further, if the optical connectors 10 and 14 are detached, theferrule 92 of the optical connector 14 is pulled out from the bore 58 ofthe slotted sleeve 50 of the aligning sleeve member 24. Along with this,the arm part 54 b of the movable shutter 54 elastically recovers and itsend 54 d is arranged on the extension of the center axis 22 a of theferrule 22 in the bore 58 of the slotted sleeve 50.

In the optical fiber connecting device 18 having the aboveconfiguration, the actions and effects of the optical connectors 10 and14 and optical fibers 12 and 16 with connectors explained above actsynergistically. In particular, it will be understood that the devicecan be preferably applied to an optical transmission line laid indoors.Note that in the optical fiber connecting device according to thepresent invention and the optical connector and optical fiber with aconnector according to the present invention, the movable ferrulestructure (in the illustrated embodiment, the socket block 96 forsupporting the ferrule 92) and biasing means (in the illustratedembodiment, the compression helical spring 128) for bringing theabutting end faces of the pair of ferrules into abutment under pressuremay be provided at the plug-type optical connector or may be provided atboth optical connectors instead of the illustrated configuration ofproviding them at the socket-type connector. Further, as the means forsecuring the coated optical fiber at the ferrule in the socket-typeoptical connector, it is also possible to employ a configuration inwhich the pair of plates elastically held in a state of close contactare pried open and the optical fiber gripped between them or aconfiguration using a general heat curing type, thermoplastic type, UVcuring type, or other adhesive instead of a configuration using thefiber securing member 110 and actuating member 112 of the illustratedembodiment. Further, as the means for securing the coated optical fiberat the ferrule at the plug-type optical connector, it is also possibleto employ a mechanical securing structure such as a fiber securingmember 110 instead of an adhesive.

When using the optical fiber connecting device 18 for an opticaltransmission line laid indoors explained above, it is possible to use aspecialized adapter 170 for stably setting the socket-type opticalconnector 14 at an existing switchbox. As shown in FIG. 17, the adapter170 is comprised of a combination of a pair of upper and lower adaptermembers 172 and 174 securely gripping the socket housing 98 of the body90 of the optical connector 14. These adapter members 172 and 174cooperate with each other to form a first hollow part 176 for securelyholding the first and second parts 122 of the socket housing 98 of theoptical connector 14 and a second hollow part 178 for detachably holdingthe first part 30 of the plug housing 26 of the optical connector 10.

The first hollow part 176 of the adapter 170 is formed with a pair ofengagement holes 180 for snap engagement of the engagement projections134 b of the pair of latch levers 134 provided at the socket housing 98near the opening 176 a for insertion of the socket housing 98 of theoptical connector 14 (FIG. 18). Further, the second hollow part 178 isformed with a pair of engagement tabs 182 for snap engagement of thepair of engagement recesses 38 b of the latch levers 38 provided at theplug housing 26 near the opening 178 a for insertion of the plug housing26 of the optical connector 10 (FIG. 19). The second hollow part 178 isfurther formed with a rib 184 slidably guiding the plug housing 26 ofthe optical connector 10 toward the socket housing 98 of the opticalconnector 14. The adapter 170 arranges the front end faces 172 b and 174b of the two adapter members 172 and 174 at the opening of the switchbox(not shown) and is securely attached to the switchbox.

The adapter 170 further has a door 186 opening or closing the opening178 a of the second hollow part 178. The door 186 is for exampleconnected to an upper housing member 172 inside of the opening 178 a ina butterfly fashion. The door 186 closes the opening 178 a of the secondhollow part 178 of the adapter 170 by its own weight or the bias forceof a spring etc. at the time of nonuse where the optical fiberconnecting device 18 does not connect a pair of optical connectors 10and 14. Due to this, contact by the hand or deposition of dirt at theabutting end face 136 of the ferrule 92 of the optical connector 14 heldin the switchbox is prevented and light emitted from the optical fiber168 through the ferrule 92 leaking from the switchbox is reliablyprevented.

At the time of use of the optical fiber connecting device 18, theoptical connector 10 is inserted to the second hollow part 178 of theadapter 170 by pressing the open end 60 b of the aligning sleeve member24 from the outside to the door 186, whereby the door 186 is pushed upin a pivoting manner at the upper adapter member 172 side and theopening 178 a is opened. Further, the optical connector 10 is furtherinserted to the inner side of the second hollow part 178 of the adapter170, whereby the aligning sleeve member 24 is fit into the sockethousing 98 of the optical connector 14 and the optical connectors 10 and14 are connected with each other. During this insertion operation, thelatch lever 38 of the optical connector 10 rides up over the pair ofengagement tabs 182 provided at the adapter 170 and elastically bends tohold the engagement tabs 182 in the corresponding engagement recesses 38b and thereby elastically recovers so as to securely hold the opticalconnector 10 at a position suitably connected to the optical connector14. At this time, the worker can recognize by the striking noiseoccurring when the latch lever 38 elastically recovers that the opticalconnectors 10 and 14 are suitably connected.

When separating the optical connectors 10 and 14, the latch lever 38 isforcibly pushed up to release the engagement with the engagement tabs182, then the optical connector 10 is pulled out from the second hollowpart 178 of the adapter 170. Due to this, the door 186 automaticallymoves in concert to close the opening 178 a. Note that it is alsopossible to provide at least one of the engagement tabs 182 and door 186at the socket housing 98 of the optical connector 14 instead ofproviding them at the adapter 170. Further, the door 186 can be made avertical or horizontal sliding opening/closing structure instead of theabove springout type opening/closing structure. Further, the adapter 170can be made an integral structure not split in the vertical direction.

In the optical fibers 12 and 16 with connectors according to the presentinvention, when end treating the optical fiber cord 82 or optical fibercable 162, it is not necessary to form perpendicular mirror surfaceaxial end faces 88 a and 168 a at the optical fibers 88 and 168 oraccurately position these axial end faces 88 a and 168 a. It is possibleto use a structure able to establish an optical fiber connectionsuppressing connection loss as much as possible.

For example, as shown in FIG. 20( a), in the optical fiber 12 with aconnector, the optical fiber 88 is provided with a beveled area 190extending tapered toward its axial end face 88 a adjoining the axial endface 88 a and is attached to the ferrule 22 with the axial end face 88 aprojecting out slightly from the abutting end face 46 of the ferrule 22.Further, the optical fiber 88 is provided with a free area 192 notsecured to the fiber holding channel 48 across a range of a desiredlength from the abutting end face 46 in the fiber holding channel 48 ofthe ferrule 22 as the beveled area 190. Note that the part of theoptical fiber 88 other than the free area 192 can be secured to thefiber holding channel 48 by an adhesive 194 as illustrated. As opposedto this, in the optical fiber 16 with a connector, the optical fiber 168has a substantially flat axial end face 168 a and is attached to theferrule 92 with the axial end face 168 a arranged on substantially thesame plane as the abutting end face 136 of the ferrule 92. Further, theoptical fiber 168 is provided with a free area 196 not secured to thefiber holding channel 138 across a range of a desired length from theabutting end face 136 in the fiber holding channel 138 of the ferrule 92adjoining the axial end face 168 a. Note that the part of the opticalfiber 168 other than the free area 196 can as explained above be securedby the fiber securing member 110, for example, be secured to the fiberholding channel 138 by an adhesive 194 as illustrated.

If connecting the optical connectors 10 and 14 as explained above to theoptical fibers 12 and 16 with connectors configured in this way, theaxial end faces 88 a and 168 a of the optical fibers 88 and 168 are madeto abut against each other by the pressing force of the compressionhelical spring 128. At this time, as shown in FIG. 20( b), the pressingforce compresses the free areas 192 and 196 of the optical fibers 88 and168 in the axial direction in the fiber holding channels 48 and 138 ofthe ferrules 22 and 92, the axial end faces 88 a and 168 a are made tostrongly abut against each other, and finally the abutting end faces 46and 136 of the two ferrules 22 and 92 are made to abut against eachother.

According to the above abutment connection mode, there is no longer anyneed to accurately (for example, 0.1 mm order) position the axial endfaces 88 a and 168 a of the optical fibers 88 and 168 with respect tothe abutting end faces 46 and 136 of the ferrules 22 and 92. That is, ifsecuring the rear area of the optical fiber 88 to for example the fiberholding channel 48 by an adhesive 194 in the state with the axial endface 88 a of the optical fiber 88 made to suitably project out from theabutting end face 46 of the ferrule 22 (for example, by several mm), itis possible to strongly reliably make the axial end faces 88 a and 168 aof the optical fibers 88 and 168 abut against each other as explainedabove. This extent of positioning accuracy can be achieved by hand atthe construction site if using a microscope or other suitable tool.Further, at this time, the pressing force is applied dispersed at thefree areas 192 and 196 of the two optical fibers 88 and 168, soconcentration of stress to areas near the axial end faces 88 a and 168 ais avoided and deterioration of the optical characteristics at theoptical fibers 88 and 168 after connection is prevented. Note that theaxial end face 168 a of the other optical fiber 168 can be made easilylevel with the abutting end face 136 by securing the rear area of theoptical fiber 168 to for example the fiber holding channel 138 by anadhesive 198 in the state projecting out suitably (for example, severalmm) from the abutting end face 136 of the ferrule 92, then handpolishing the projecting part of the optical fiber 168.

Further, according to the above-mentioned abutment connection mode, itis no longer necessary to form the axial end faces 88 a and 168 a of theoptical fibers 88 and 168 as mirror surfaces extending accurately in theperpendicular direction with respect to the axis. For example, as shownin FIG. 21, even if the axial end faces 88 a and 168 a of the opticalfibers 88 and 168 extend inclined slightly with respect to the axis, thebeveled area 190 provided at the optical fiber 88 acts so that thestriking position of the claddings 88 b and 168 b approaches the fibers88 c and 168 c (FIG. 21( a)). As a result, it is possible to reduce asmuch as possible the clearance between the fibers 88 c and 168 c andthereby possible to reduce as much as possible the connection loss. Asopposed to this, when neither of the optical fibers 88 and 168 has thebeveled area, there is a possibility of the claddings 88 b and 168 bstriking each other near the outer circumference. In this case, there isa danger of the space between the cores 88 c and 168 c increasing andthe connection loss increasing. Note that the axial end faces 88 a and168 a suitably inclined with respect to the axes of the optical fibers88 and 168 can be formed into mirror surfaces relatively easily by acutting action using a general optical fiber cutting tool.

Further, according to the above configuration, it is also possible todeliberately form the above-mentioned inclined end faces 88 a and 168 aof the optical fibers 88 and 168 so that for example the angle ofinclination with respect to the perpendicular end faces becomes about 8degrees. The axial end faces 88 a and 168 a having such an inclinationangle exhibits the effects of reducing the amount of reflectionattenuation of light. Note that the inclined end faces 88 a and 168 a ofthe optical fibers 88 and 168 can be formed relatively easily by formingthe abutting end faces 46 and 136 of the ferrules 22 and 92 atpredetermined desired angles of inclination, making the axial end faces88 and 168 a of the optical fibers 88 and 168 suitably project out fromthe abutting end faces 46 and 136 and arranging them securely at thefiber holding channels 48 and 138, then polishing the projecting partsof the optical fibers 88 and 168 by hand so as to follow the abuttingend faces 46 and 136.

By employing the abutting connection mode of the optical fibersaccording to the present invention, even when connector attachment workis necessary on the construction site for the purpose of use of theoptical fibers 12 and 16 with connectors for an optical transmissionline laid indoors, there is no need to form perpendicular mirror surfaceaxial direction end faces 88 a and 168 a at the optical fibers 88 and186 or position these axial end faces 88 a and 168 a with a highaccuracy and it is possible to interconnect optical fibers 88 and 186 ina state suppressing as much as possible the connection loss.

The abutting connection mode of the optical fibers according to thepresent invention provides at least at one optical fiber of the pair ofoptical fibers with connectors a free area not secured to the fiberholding channel of the corresponding ferrule across a range of apredetermined length from the abutting end face in the fiber holdingchannel and should satisfy one or both of the requirements of (1)forming at least at one of the optical fibers a beveled area extendingtapered toward the axial end face adjoining the axial end face and (2)making the axial end face of at least one of the optical fibers projectoutward from the end abutting face of the corresponding ferrule. Here,regarding the requirement (2), when arranging the other optical fiber ata position where its axial end face is pulled into the fiber holdingchannel of the ferrule, it is sufficient that the sum of the abuttingend faces of the two optical fibers (amount of pull in is minus) becomemore than zero. Note that if applying these requirements to an opticalfiber with a connector generally assembled at the factory as with theillustrated embodiment, it is possible to make the other optical fiberwith a connector generally assembled at the construction site a usualsimple configuration.

In the above configuration, when the abutment connection of opticalfibers under pressure is completed, when the abutting end faces of thetwo ferrules are not in close contact, a stable abutment and connectionstate is considered to be obtained by the elasticity of the opticalfibers themselves, so it is possible to omit the compression helicalspring or other biasing means. Further, as explained above, it ispossible not to secure at least one of the optical fibers across theentire length of the fiber holding channel of the corresponding ferrule,but to securely support with respect to the ferrule the optical fiber bya mechanical securing structure set outside of the ferrule.

The abutment and connection mode of optical fibers according to thepresent invention can be achieved by the following steps, that is, (A)providing a pair of ferrules having abutting end faces and fiber holdingchannels open at the abutting end faces and securely holding opticalfibers, (B) forming at least at one of the pair of optical fibers abeveled area extending tapered toward the axial end face adjoining theaxial end face, (C) passing the pair of optical fibers through the fiberholding channels of the pair of ferrules and making the axial end faceof at least one of the optical fibers project outward from the abuttingend face of the corresponding ferrule and providing at least at one ofthe pair of optical fibers a free area not secured to said fiber holdingchannel across a range of a predetermined length from said abutting endface in said fiber holding channel of the corresponding ferrule, and (D)arranging the pair of ferrules at aligning positions where their fiberholding channels are aligned on a straight line and making the axial endfaces of the pair of optical fibers abut each other under pressure.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention are describedabove with reference to the drawings, the invention does not limited inthe illustrated configuration but may be variously modified within thedescription of the Scope of Claim for Patent.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the socket-type opticalconnector 14 according to the invention may include, in the holdingsection 94, an engaging member 200 provided in the body 90 separatelyfrom the holding member 140. The engaging member 200 is a U-shaped crosssectional member, and integrally includes a pair of side plates 200 a,200 b and a top plate 200 c joining the side plates 200 a, 200 b witheach other. The engaging member is formed on the third part 142 of thesocket housing 98 of the body 90 at a position opposite to the base seat150, in such a manner as to extend outward from the third part 142 at apredetermined angle. Note that, although, in the illustrated embodiment,the engaging member 200 is formed integrally at the outer side plate 200a with the third part 142 of the socket housing 98, the engaging member200 may be made separately from the socket housing 98.

The engaging member 200 includes a receptive groove 202 defined by theside plates 200 a, 200 b and the top plate 200 c. The receptive groove202 is shaped and dimensioned so as to be entirely receivable theextension part 146 of the holding member 140 holding the optical fibercable 162 in the holding groove 152. More particularly, the receptivegroove 202 of the engaging member 200 opens in its entirety at a sidefacing to the extension part 146 of the holding member 140 shiftingbetween the nonfunctional position and the functional position, and,when the holding member 140 reaches the functional position, theextension part 146 of the holding member 140 is received in thereceptive groove 202 in a condition as to be disposed substantiallyparallel to the engaging member 200. On the other hand, the holdinggroove 152 of the holding member 140 opens in its entirety at a sidefacing to the inner side wall 200 b of the engaging member 200.

The engaging member 200 is provided on the inner side wall 200 b with atleast one engaging projection 204 formed to project into the receptivegroove 202. Therefore, when the holding member 140 holding the opticalfiber cable 162 in the holding groove 152 is located at the functionalposition, the engaging projection 204 provided on the side plate 200 bof the engaging member 200 bites the sheath 164 of the optical fibercable 162 (FIG. 14( b)) to statically hold the optical fiber cable 162in the receptive groove 202 (FIG. 24). Thus, the optical fiber cable 162is prevented from moving in a lengthwise direction in the holding groove152 and from being detached through the opening formed along the entirelength of the holding groove 152, under the cooperation of theprojections 152 b biting the sheath 164 in the holding groove 152 andthe engaging projection 204 biting the sheath 164 in the receptivegroove 202. Also, by providing a plurality of projections 152 b as wellas a plurality of engaging projections 204, respectively spaced in thelongitudinal direction of the optical fiber cable 162, it is possible tomechanically hold the optical fiber cable 162 in the holding groove 152in a condition where the coated optical fiber 160 is positioned inparallel to a predetermined imaginary axis.

As described above, in the optical connector 14 provided with theholding section 94 including the engaging member 200, even when anexternal force such as a tensile force is applied to the optical fibercable 162, to which the optical connector 14 is attached, the engagingmember 200 is able to receive or resist the external force, so that itis possible to maintain a proper optical connection with respect to acounterpart optical connector (e.g., the optical connector 12).Particularly, in the socket-type optical connector, often securelyarranged in a receptive member such as a switch box, it is possible tosurely prevent a joint portion of the optical fiber cable 162 and theoptical connector 14 (i.e., the portion of the optical fiber 168 held inthe fiber securing member 110) from being damaged due to the externalforce such as a tensile force.

The configuration of the holding member 140 and the engaging member 200in the above-described holding section 94 in the optical connector 14(particularly, the shape of the holding groove 152 and the receptivegroove 202) corresponds to the optical fiber cable 162 having agenerally rectangular cross-sectional shape as illustrated (FIG. 14(b)). In the optical fiber cable 162 having such a shape, a bendingdirection avoidable the damage of the cable is substantially restrictedin such a direction as to bend in a state where the wider outer surfaceareas of the sheath 164 are located inside and outside. Therefore, thebending direction of the optical fiber cable 162, to which the opticalconnector 14 is attached, and which is permitted near the holdingsection 94, is limited due to the posture or orientation of the opticalfiber cable 162 in the holding groove 152 and the receptive groove 202.In other words, there is a case where the shape of the holding groove152 and the receptive groove 202 in the holding section 94 asillustrated in FIGS. 22 to 24 is not acceptable from the viewpoint ofthe bending direction of the optical fiber cable 162.

Then, in the optical connector 14, it is preferable to configure theholding member 140 and the engaging member 200 (particularly, thesectional shape and/or the opening direction of the holding groove 152and the receptive groove 202), while taking into consideration thebending direction of the objective optical fiber cable 162 required inthe vicinity of the holding section 94. For example, the configurationas shown in FIGS. 22 to 24 may be modified so that the opening formedalong the entire length of the holding groove 152 is provided at a sidecapable of facing to the top plate 200 c of the engaging member 200, soas to hold the optical fiber cable in an orientation rotated at 90degree from the illustrated orientation. In this arrangement, theengaging projection 204 of the engaging member 200 may be formed on thetop plate 200 c.

Note that the above-described configuration of the holding section 94including the holding member 140 and the engaging member 200 is notlimitedly applied to the optical connector with ferrule as illustrated,but may be applied to various optical connectors. For example, theabove-described configuration of the holding section 94 may be appliedas a holding section for statically hold an optical transmission-linemember, such as an optical fiber cable, in an optical connector providedin a common connector body with a ferrule securely supporting an opticalfiber with a predetermined length and a splicing section provided nearthe ferrule and able to operate so as to securely support a portion ofthe optical fiber projecting out from the ferrule and an optical fiberof an optical transmission-line member introduced from the outside. Fromthis viewpoint, the present invention may be defined such that anoptical connector comprising a body and a ferrule provided in the bodyand having a center axis, characterized in that the optical connectorcomprises a holding member provided in the body to be spaced from theferrule and including a holding groove for receiving an opticaltransmission-line member, the holding member being movable between afirst position where the holding groove extends in a direction inclinedwith respect to the center axis of the ferrule and a second positionwhere the holding groove extends in a direction substantially parallelto the center axis of the ferrule, the holding member making a coatedoptical fiber of the optical transmission-line member bend between theferrule and the holding groove by a radius of curvature of at least apredetermined minimum radius of curvature; and an engaging memberprovided in the body separately from the holding member, the engagingmember being engaged with the optical transmission-line member receivedin the holding groove to statically hold the optical transmission-linemember in the holding groove when the holding member is placed at thefirst position.

The present invention is technology for connection of optical fibers andcan be extremely suitably used for applications where the externaldimensions are limited and where superior on-site installationefficiency and safety are required such as optical connectors able to befreely attached to and detached from optical transmission lines laidindoors.

1. A plug-type optical connector comprising a body and a ferruleprovided in said body and having an abutting end face, wherein: saidoptical connector comprises an aligning sleeve member insertable in saidbody provided with a cylindrical bore having openings at opposite axialends, said aligning sleeve member receiving in a part of said bore acertain length of said ferrule adjoining said abutting end face andbeing supported at a predetermined position with respect to saidferrule, said aligning sleeve member including a slotted sleeve, saidslotted sleeve including a slit extending across a length of the slottedsleeve; and wherein said aligning sleeve member having a counterpartconnector engagement section projecting in a plug shape outside saidbody, wherein said aligning sleeve member includes a movable shutterprovided to be passively displaceable in said bore and said slottedsleeve; and wherein said movable shutter is arranged at such a positionthat said shutter projects into said bore between said ferrule receivedfrom one of said openings of said bore and another opening, to blocklight emitted through said ferrule.
 2. The optical connector of claim 1,wherein said slotted sleeve member is formed of a material to uniformlyexpand and contract in said bore.
 3. The optical connector of claim 1,wherein said aligning sleeve member is detachably attached to said body.4. An optical fiber with a connector, comprising the optical connectorof claim 1 and an optical fiber cable containing a coated optical fiber,said ferrule being attached to a distal end of said coated opticalfiber.
 5. An optical connector comprising a body and a ferrule providedin said body and having an abutting end face, wherein: said opticalconnector comprises an aligning sleeve member provided with acylindrical bore having openings at opposite axial ends, said aligningsleeve member receiving in a part of said bore a certain length of saidferrule adjoining said abutting end face and being supported at apredetermined position with respect to said ferrule; and wherein saidaligning sleeve member includes a slotted sleeve, said slotted sleeveincluding a slit extending across a length of the slotted sleeve, and amovable shutter having at least a portion thereof disposed in theslotted sleeve and provided to be passively displaceable in said bore;and wherein said movable shutter is arranged at such a position thatsaid shutter projects into said bore between said ferrule received fromone of said openings of said bore and another opening, to block lightemitted through said ferrule.